Assistant Professor Chunsheng Wang

C. Wang Ph.D., Zhejiang University, 1995

Room 1223A Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building
E-mail: cswang@umd.edu
Phone: (301) 405-0352

Research interests

Dr. Wang's research interests are fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors, and solar cells. He has published over 50 papers in peer-reviewed journals, and won TTU Chapter Sigma Xi Research Award in 2006. His work on solvent-free composite PEO-ceramic fiber/mat electrolytes for lithium batteries was featured as one of their more promising battery technologies in November 2006 edition of the NASA Tech Brief.

Research Statement

Fuel cells and advanced batteries are the primary research interests of Dr. Wang's research group. Thermal and water management, CO tolerance, cost, and durability are widely considered as key technical barriers for commercialization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). Dr. Wang's goal is to overcome these barriers through the development of an oxide ion and proton co-ion conducting material as an electrolyte. A fuel cell using a co-ion conducting membrane, operating at the temperature range of 150-250°C, will combine the advantages of both the solid oxide fuel cell and PEMFC. In addition to the benefits resulting from a high operation temperature, (i.e. high CO tolerance and electrochemical reaction and diffusion rate, and simpler heat and water management), methanol and CO in reformate gas can be more efficiently and directly oxidized by the oxide ion generated by the electrochemical reduction of dioxygen at the cathode, and then moved through the co-ion conducting membrane to the anode. The unique idea of electrochemical oxidation of CO and methanol at the anode by oxide ion transferred from the cathode via an oxide-ion-conducting electrolyte has opened a window for the development of a new generation of robust power systems. Dr. Wang's group is collaborating with scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) on characterization of these co-ion conductive materials.

One of the key challenges of the current lithium ion battery technology to power the EV/HEV is its poor rate performance, which can not meet the peak power demands for vehicular applications such as starting, accelerating, and uphill driving. The development of electrode materials with high rate capabilities is a critical issue to realize the commercialization of rechargeable lithium ion batteries as a power source for EV/HEV. It is very important to determine the controlling factors to the electrochemical kinetics of the cathode material for developing a high power electrode material. Dr. Wang’s group is to develop a comprehensive model and propose a reliable tool to evaluate the cathode materials for advanced Li-ion batteries. Using this model, the influence of various material properties (i.e. Li⁺ ion conductivity, electronic conductivity, phase transformation, particle size, Li⁺ ion diffusion coefficient, misfit strain, yield stress, bulk modulus, shear modulus etc.) on rate capability will be determined. These results will enable the development of new cathode materials with improved electrochemical performance. Dr. Wang is collaborating with industries to investigate the fast charge/discharge mechanism of LiFePO₄ and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂.

Dr. Wang's group is to continue work with scientists at ORNL and industries on interface-less thin film batteries. The interface-less battery structure can also be used in supercapacitors, and other kind of batteries, which will generate a new generation micro/nano- power source.

Top

Recent Honors and Awards

Sigma Xi (Tennessee Technological University Chapter) Research Award, 2006
NASA Technology Brief Patent Application and Software Release Award, 2004

Top

Publications

Fuel Cells

R.Lawson, C. Wang, J. Hong and D. Chu, "Nafion-BIMEVOX Composite Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications," J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, B48(2007).

J. Hong, B. Fang, C. Wang, and K. Currie, "Intrinsic Borohydride Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power Sources," J. Power Sources 161, 753(2006).

S. R. D’Souza, J. Ma and C. Wang, "Internal Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell/Energy Storage Hybrid Power Systems," J. Electrochem. Soc. 153, A1795(2006).

C. Wang, A J. Appleby, and D. L. Cocke, "Alkaline Fuel Cell with Intrinsic Energy Storage," J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, A260 (2004).

C. Wang and A J. Appleby, "High Peak Power Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc. 150, A493(2003).

Top

Lithium Ion Batteries

J. Hong and C. Wang, "Characterization and Performance of LiFePO4 thin film Cathodes prepared with Radio Frequency Magnetron-Sputter Deposition", J. Electrochem. Soc., 154, A805(2007)

C. Wang and J. Hong, "Ionic/Electronic Conducting Characteristics of LiFePO4 Cathode Materials – the Determining Factors for High Rate Performance," Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 10, A65(2007)

J. Ma, C. Wang and S. Wroblewsk, "Kinetic Characteristics of Mixed Conductive Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries," J. Power Sources, 164, 849(2007).

U. Kasavajjula, C. Wang, and A. J. Appleby, "Silicon Anodes for Li-ion Battery – A Review," J. Power Sources 163, 1003(2007).

J. Hong, C. Wang, and U. Kasavajjula, "Kinetic Behavior of LiFeMgPO4 Cathode Material for Li-ion Batteries," J. Power Sources 162, 1289(2006).

U. Kasavajjula and C. Wang, "Anode for Li+-ion Battery with Improved Low Temperature Performance," Indian J. Chem., Sec. A 44A, 975(2005).

C. Wang, X. Zhang, and A. J. Appleby, "Solvent-Free Composite PEO-Ceramic-Fiber-Mat Electrolytes for Lithium Secondary Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc. 152, A205(2005).

C. Wang, K. Patil, A. J. Appleby, F. E. Little ,and D. L. Cocke, "In-situ Ionic/Electric Conductivity Measurement of La0.55Li0.35TiO3 Ceramic at Different Li Insertion Levels," J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, A1196(2004).

X. Zhang, P. K. Patil, C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, F. E. Little, and D. L. Cocke, "Electrochemical Performance of a Nano-silicon Based Disordered Carbon Composite Anodes with Different Microstructures in Lithium Ion Batteries," J. Power Sources 125, 206(2004).

X. Zhang, C. Wang, and A. J. Appleby , "Improving Low-Temperature Performance of Li-Alloy Anodes by Optimization of the Electrolyte–Electrode Interface," J. Power Sources 114, 121(2003).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Criteria for Reliable Electrochemical Impedance Measurements on Li-ion Battery Anodes," J. Electrochem. Soc. 150, A143(2003).

X Zhang, C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Composite Doped Emeraldine-Polyethylene Oxide-Bonded Lithium-Ion Nano-Tin Anodes with Electronic-Ionic Mixed Conduction," Solid State Ionics 150, 383(2002).

C. Wang, X Zhang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Self-Discharge of Secondary Lithium-Ion Graphite Anode," J. Power Sources 112, 98(2002).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Low-Temperature Characterization of Carbon Anode via Microperturbation Measurement," J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, A754(2002).

X Zhang, C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Characteristics of Lithium-Ion-Conducting Composite Polymer-Glass Second Cell Electrolytes," J. Power Sources 112, 209(2002).

X Zhang, C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Improvement in Electrochemical Properties of Nano-Tin-Polyaniline Lithium-Ion Composite Anodes by Control of Electrode Microstructure," J. Power Sources 109, 136(2002).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Electrochemical Study on the SnO2 Anode via Microperturbation Techniques," Solid State Ionics 147, 13(2002).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Irreversible Capacities of Graphite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries," J.Electroanal. Chem. 519, 9(2002).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Comparison of the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Characteristics of Insertion Electrode Materials Used in Secondary Metal Hydride and Lithium-Ion Electrodes," J. Electrochem. Soc. 148, A762(2001).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Electrochemical Impedance Study of Initial Lithium Ion Intercalation into Graphite Powders," Electrochim. Acta 46, 1793 (2001).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Charge-Discharge Stability of Graphite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries," J.Electroanal. Chem. 497, 33 (2001).

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Electrochemical Study on Nano-Sn, Li4.4Sn and AlSi0.1 Powders Used as Secondary Lithium Battery Anodes," J. Power Sources 93, 174(2001).

C. Wang, I. Kakwan, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "In-Situ Investigation of Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation into Graphite Powder," J. Electroanal. Chem. 489, 55(2000).

G. Wu, C. Wang, X. Zhang, et al., "Structure and Lithium Insertion Properties of Carbon Nanotubes," J. Electrochem. Soc. 146, 1696(1999).

C. Wang, G. Wu, X. Zhang, et al., "Lithium Insertion in Carbon-Silicon Composite Materials Produced by Mechanical Milling," J. Electrochem. Soc. 145, 2751(1998).

C. Wang, G. Wu, and Z. Li, "Li insertion in Ball-milled Graphite," J Power Sources 76, 1(1998).

C. Wang, G. Wu, and W. Li, "Electrochemical Hydrogen and Lithium Absorption/Desorption in Ti46Ni45Nb9 Alloy in Aqueous Electrolytes," J Power Sources 75, 122(1998).

G. Wu, C. Wang, X. Zhang, et al, "Lithium Insertion into CuO/Carbon Nanotubes," J Power Sources 75, 175(1998).

Top

Ni/MH Batteries and Hydrogen Storage Materials

A. Visintin, E. B. Castro, S. G. Real, W. E. Triaca, C. Wang and M.P. Soriaga, "Electrochemical Activation and Electrocatalytic Enhancement of a Hydride-Forming Metal Alloy Modified with Palladium, Platinum and Nickel," Electrochim. Acta 51, 3658(2006)

C. Wang, M. Marrero-Rivera, D. A. Serafini, J. H. Baricuatro, M. P. Soriaga, and S. Srinivasan, "The Self-discharge Mechanism of AB5-Type Electrodes," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 31, 603(2006).

C. Wang, M. M. Cruz, M. P. Soriaga, D. Serafini, and S. Srinivasan, "The Corrosion Behavior of AB5-Type Hydride Electrodes in Alkaline Electrolyte Solution," J. Applied Electrochem. 33, 325(2003).

C. Wang, M. M. Cruz, M. P. Soriaga, D. Serafini, and S. Srinivasan, "Improvement in the Cycle Life of LaB5 Metal Hydride Electrode by Addition of ZnO to Alkaline Electrolytes," Electrochim. Acta 47, 1069(2002).

C. Wang, A. Rakotondrainibe, A. John Appleby, and Frank E. Little, "Characterization of Metal Hydride Electrodes via Microperturbation and In-Situ Intrinsic Resistance Measurement," J. Electrochem. Soc. 147, 4432(2000).

C. Wang, M. Soriaga, and S. Srinivasan, "Determination of Reaction Resistances for Metal-Hydride Electrodes During Anodic Polarization," J. Power Sources 85, 212(2000).

H. Pan, J. Ma, C. Wang, et al., "Studies on the Electrochemical Properties of MlNi4.3–xCoxAl0.7 Hydride Alloy Electrodes," J Alloys Compd. 295, 648(1999).

H. Pan, Y. Chen, C. Wang, et al., "Influence of Concentration of KOH Solution Containing 0.02 M Borohydride on the Kinetic Properties of Hydrogen Storage Alloys," J Alloys Compd. 295, 680(1999).

H. Pan, J. Ma, C. Wang, et al. "Effect of Co Content on the Kinetic Properties of MlNi4.3–xCoxAl0.7 Hydride Electrodes," Electrochim. Acta44, 3977(1999).

H. Pan, Y. Chen, C. Wang, et al., "Effect of Alloys Modified by an Alkaline Solution Containing Potassium Borohydride on the Kinetic Properties of MlNi3.7Co0.6Mn0.4Al0.3 Hydride Electrodes," Electrochim. Acta 44, 2263(1999).

C. Wang, "Kinetic Behavior of Metal Hydride Electrode by Means of AC Impedance," J. Electrochem. Soc. 145, 1801(1998).

C. Wang, Y. Lei, and Q. Wang, "Studies of Electrochemical Properties of TiNi Alloy Used as an MH Electrode - I. Discharge Capacity," Electrochim. Acta 43, 3193(1998).

C. Wang, Y. Lei, and Q. Wang, "Studies of Electrochemical Properties of TiNi Alloy Used as an MH Electrode. II. Discharge Kinetics," Electrochim. Acta 43, 3209(1998).

C. Wang, Y. Lei, Q. Wang, "Effects of Nb and Pd on the Electrochemical Properties of a Ti-Ni Hydrogen-Storage Electrode," J. Power Sources 70, 222(1998).

Q. Zhang, Y. Lei, C. Wang, et al., "Structure of the Secondary Phase and its Effects on Hydrogen-Storage Properties in a Ti0.7Zr0.2V0.1Ni Alloy," J. Power Sources 75, 288(1998).

X. Yang, Y. Lei, C. Wang, et al, "Influence of Amorphization on Electrode Performances of AB2 Type Hydrogen Storage Alloys," J. Alloys Compd. 265, 264(1998).

C. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Lei, and Q. Wang, "A New Method of Determining the Thermodynamic Parameters of Metal Hydride Electrode Materials," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 22, 1117(1997).

C. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Lei, C. Chen, and Q. Wang, "The Hydriding Kinetics of MlNi5--I. Development of the Model," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 21, 471(1996).

X. Wang, C. Wang, C. Chen Y. Lei, and Q. Wang, "The Hydriding Kinetics of MlNi5--II. Experiment Results," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 21, 479(1996).

X. Wang, C. Chen, C. Wang, and Q. Wang, "Hydrogen Storage Properties of Ml1-XCaXNi5 Pseudobinary Intermetallic Compounds," J. Alloys Compd. 232, 192(1996).

Y. Lei, C. Wang, X. Yang, H. Pan, J. Wu, and Q. Wang, "A Mathematical Model for the Cycle Life of Hydride Electrodes," J. Alloys Compd. 231, 611(1995).

Top

Conference Proceedings and Presentations

C. Wang, J. Ma, B. Fang, J. Hong, and J. Miller, "Catalytic Activities of Mixed Conductive Bi2Ti0.1V 0.9O5.45 for H2/Methanol Oxidation in Acid Aqueous Solution," AIChE Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA; November 12-17, 2006.

C. Wang, J. Hong, B. Fang, and K. Currie, "Intrinsic Borohydride Fuel Cell/Metal-Air Battery Hybrid Power Sources," 210th Electrochemical Society (ECS) Meeting, Cancun, Mexico; October 29-November 03, 2006.

J. Ma and C. Wang, "Kinetic Characteristic of the Cathode Materials Used for Rechargeable Li-ion Battery," 209th ECS Meeting, Denver, CO; May 07-May 12, 2006.

J. Hong and C. Wang, "The Electrochemical Performance of the Lithium Iron Phosphate Prepared by Different Procedures," 209th ECS Meeting, Denver, CO, May 07-May 12, 2006.

C. Wang, "LiFePO₄ Interface-Free Thin Film Batteries," ARL Advanced Microsystems Workshop (Radisson Governor’s Inn, Research Triangle Park, NC, 30 January 2006).

C. Wang, S. D'Souza, and J. Ma, "Internal Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell/Energy Storage Hybrid Power Systems," 208th ECS Meeting, Los Angeles, CA; October 16-21, 2005.

C. Wang, "Internal Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell/Energy Storage Hybrid Power Systems," 208th ECS Meeting, 2005, Los Angeles, CA; October 16-21, 2005.

C. Wang, "Advanced Polymer Fuel Cells and Li-ion Battery," ECS local section meeting, Atlanta, GA; March 10, 2005.

C. Wang et al, "Solvent-Free Composite PEO-Ceramic-Fiber-Mat Electrolytes for Lithium Secondary Cells," AICHE 2004 Annual Meeting, Austin, TX; November 8- 17, 2004.

C. Wang, "Advanced polymer fuel cells and Li-ion batteries," EPSCoR Materials Science Technical Symposium, Montgomery Bell State Park, October 18-19, 2004

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, P. Patil, and D. L. Cocke, "In-Situ Ionic Conductivity Measurement of La0.55+xLi0.35TiO3 Ceramic at Different Li Insertion Levels," 204th ECS Meeting, Orlando, FL; October 12-16, 2003.

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "The Cycling Stability of Solid Electrolyte Interface Film Formed on Graphite Electrodes", 199th ECS Meeting,Washington, DC; March 25-29, 2001.

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Electrochemical Impedance Study on the Initial Lithium Ion Intercalation into Graphite Powders," 198th ECS Meeting, Phoenix, AZ; October 22-27, 2000.

C. Wang, A. J. Appleby, and F. E. Little, "Charge-Discharge Stability of Graphite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries," 197th ECS Meeting, Toronto, Ont.; May 14-18, 2000.

M. R. Marrero, C. Wang, A. Visintin, and M. P. Soriaga, "Corrosion Inhibition of Nickel Electrodes in ZnO/KOH Electrolyte: A Model for AB5-Type Metal-Hydride Alloys," 194th ECS Meeting, Boston, MA; November 1-6, (1998).

Top

Invited Talks

C. Wang, "Research and Status of Electric Energy Storage," The Technical Society of Knoxville, March 12, 2007.

C. Wang, "LiFePO4 Interface-Free Thin Film Batteries," ARL Advanced Microsystems Workshop (Radisson Governor’s Inn, Research Triangle Park, NC); Monday, 30 January 2006.

C. Wang, "Low-temperature Fuel Cell and Lithiun Ion Batteries," Seminar, Mississippi State University, February 7, 2006.

Invited by Dr. Chuanjing Xu, research scientist at T/J Technologies Inc., Ann Arbor, MI; "Ionic and Electronic Mixed Conductive Materials for Li-Ion Battery Applications," February 14, 2005.

C. Wang, "Advanced Polymer Lithium Batteries and Fuel Cells," ECS South Section Meeting, Student Success Center, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA; March 10, 2005.

Invited by Dr. Michael P. Brady, senior research scientist, Corrosion Science and Technology Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN; "High Power Polymer Fuel Cells and Li-Ion Batteries," November 15, 2004.

Professional Affiliations

Member, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Member, The Electrochemical Society.
Member, The American Chemical Society
Member, American Society for Engineering Education